What should you know about exposure to pertussis?

Pertussis, also called whooping cough, is a contagious bacterial infection that spreads through droplets from coughing or sneezing. Exposure is more concerning after close, prolonged contact, particularly around babies, pregnant people or anyone with a weakened immune system.

Early illness may resemble a cold, with a cough that gradually becomes more severe. Fever may occur but is not required. Long coughing bouts, vomiting after coughing, a whooping sound or pauses in breathing need prompt assessment. A cough can begin after an interval, so feeling well immediately after contact does not settle the question.

Call a healthcare professional and explain who was ill, when contact occurred, whether you are vaccinated, and whether you live with a baby or another vulnerable person. Follow advice about testing, staying away from school or work, masking around others and preventing close contact.

Do not share cups or utensils, improve ventilation and cover coughs. Antibiotic treatment may be advised for an infected person or selected close contacts; it works best when prescribed for the specific situation. Do not start leftover antibiotics.

Get emergency help for breathing pauses, blue or grey lips, severe breathing difficulty, collapse, confusion or inability to drink. Seek prompt assessment for a worsening cough, coughing fits, vomiting after coughing or any cough in a young baby. Ask about preventive treatment even when symptoms have not started if a vulnerable contact was exposed.

Ask whether you need testing or antibiotic treatment, how long to avoid close contact, which household members need advice, and whether your childhood immunisation record is up to date. Mention pregnancy, age, breathing conditions and the exact exposure.