What should you know about whooping cough?

Whooping cough, also called pertussis, often begins like a mild cold with a runny nose and low fever. Coughing attacks then become stronger and may occur repeatedly, sometimes followed by a sharp intake of breath or vomiting. Babies may struggle to feed or pause their breathing, while older children and adults may have a prolonged cough without a clear whoop.

The infection spreads through respiratory droplets and close contact. A person can pass it on before the cough becomes distinctive, so household exposure matters. Childhood immunisation reduces risk and helps limit severe illness.

Arrange medical advice for a cough that is severe, worsening or lasting longer than expected, especially after contact with someone diagnosed. A clinician may use the timing and pattern of symptoms and may arrange testing. Antibiotic treatment can be prescribed in suitable cases, particularly to reduce spread or protect people at higher risk. Stay away from babies and vulnerable people until advised, cover coughs, wash hands and follow isolation instructions.

Call emergency services for pauses in breathing, blue or grey lips, severe breathing difficulty, collapse, confusion or inability to drink. Babies with repeated coughing, poor feeding, unusual sleepiness or breathing changes need urgent assessment. Seek prompt care if a cough causes repeated vomiting, chest pain or marked exhaustion.

Ask whether testing or antibiotics are appropriate, how long you should avoid close contact, and which household members need assessment. Check whether your child's immunisation record is complete and ask how to protect an infant or pregnant household member.