Epistaxis treatments

Treatment depends on where the bleeding starts, how much blood is lost, whether it keeps returning, and what is irritating the nasal lining. A clinician may look inside the nose, review medicines, and check blood pressure or other causes. If dryness or inflammation is contributing, treating that trigger can help prevent further episodes.

For a visible bleeding point that continues, a clinician may use a chemical treatment to seal the vessel. Packing the nose is another option when the source is difficult to control; it requires follow-up instructions and removal at the advised time.

For an active bleed, sit forward and pinch the soft nose continuously. After it settles, protect the clot by avoiding picking, forceful blowing, strenuous exertion, and very hot food or drinks for a short period. Saline or a recommended moisturiser may ease dryness. Do not use a medicated spray, alter blood-pressure treatment, or stop a clot-affecting medicine without professional advice.

Seek urgent care when bleeding is heavy, persistent despite pressure, caused by injury, or associated with faintness, breathing difficulty, or marked weakness. Emergency help is needed with severe headache, chest pain, confusion, one-sided weakness, or trouble speaking. Book an assessment for repeated episodes, easy bruising, or bleeding from other sites.

Ask whether you need examination of the bleeding point, treatment for allergic rhinitis or sinusitis, medicine review, or blood-pressure assessment. Ask how to care for the nose after packing or sealing and what recurrence plan to follow.