Dry flaky scalp in a newborn: what parents should know

A newborn's scalp can shed fine skin as it adjusts after birth. Greasy yellow scale on the scalp may be cradle cap, a form of Seborrheic Dermatitis. Fine flakes alone do not establish Dandruff, Scalp Psoriasis or infection.

Check the skin under the scale without pulling it away. Note whether the area is dry or greasy, whether the baby seems uncomfortable, and whether the rash extends to the face, neck or body. Circular patches, broken hairs or marked inflammation are reasons for a clinician to consider Scalp Ringworm or another diagnosis.

Wash the scalp with lukewarm water and a small amount of a mild, fragrance-free baby cleanser when needed. Pat dry and use a soft baby brush only if scale loosens easily. Never pick, scrape or use adult dandruff products, essential oils or medicated preparations unless the baby's clinician recommends them.

If scale is persistent, show it to the baby's doctor before trying Medicated Shampoo Treatment. Keep nails short to reduce injury from scratching, and stop any product that causes burning, swelling or a new rash.

Contact the baby's clinician for spreading redness, warmth, swelling, cracks, bleeding, crusting, pus, significant itch or patchy hair loss. Seek urgent advice if the baby has fever, is unusually sleepy, feeds poorly, or seems unwell. A newborn with a rapidly changing scalp rash should be assessed rather than treated at home.

Ask whether the appearance fits cradle cap or Seborrheic Dermatitis, which cleanser is appropriate, whether oil or brushing is suitable, and what changes should prompt same-day advice.