Discoloration and hyperpigmentation

Darkening can follow acne, eczema, irritation, burns, or other inflammation. It can also relate to hormonal changes, medicines, or repeated sun exposure. The color may be brown, grey, or uneven and can occur on the face or anywhere inflammation has healed. A new, changing, bleeding, or very different spot needs assessment because not every dark mark is simple hyperpigmentation.

Use broad-spectrum sun protection and reapply as directed, especially on exposed skin. Treat active acne or irritation gently and avoid picking, harsh scrubs, and unregulated lightening products. A dermatologist may consider a topical medicine such as hydroquinone treatment, or procedures such as a chemical peel, IPL photofacial, picosecond laser treatment, or skin brightening treatment. The suitable option depends on skin tone, depth of pigment, cause, and the risk of worsening discoloration after irritation.

Arrange review if discoloration appears suddenly without an obvious trigger, spreads, itches persistently, or accompanies a new medicine or other symptoms. Seek prompt assessment for a spot that changes in size, shape, or color, bleeds, crusts, or does not heal. Medical advice is also useful before a peel or laser procedure when pigment is reactive or the diagnosis is uncertain.

What is causing the color change? Is treatment needed before a cosmetic procedure? Which product is suitable for my skin tone, and how should I protect the area from irritation and sun?