Diaphragmatic breathing and COPD: what to know

The diaphragm is a broad muscle beneath the lungs. When it moves down during a gentle inhale, the lower ribs and abdomen can expand. COPD can make breathing feel effortful, especially when air becomes trapped and the chest and neck muscles work harder. A slower pattern that allows the abdomen to rise may help you avoid shallow, hurried breaths.

This technique is a breathing exercise, not a way to reverse COPD. Breathlessness, chest tightness, cough, phlegm, or wheezing can have several causes. A clinician may use a chronic disease review and spirometry to assess your breathing and treatment plan.

Sit supported or lie with your knees bent. Relax your shoulders, place one hand on your upper chest and one on your abdomen, then breathe in gently through your nose so the lower hand rises more than the upper hand. Breathe out slowly through relaxed, narrowed lips. Practise when settled, for a few comfortable breaths, and stop if you feel light-headed, more breathless, or distressed.

Use your prescribed inhalers exactly as directed. Avoid smoke and ask about a smoking cessation programme if smoking is part of your situation. A respiratory clinician can adapt breathing practice to your exercise and daily activities.

Seek urgent medical help if breathlessness is severe or rapidly worsening, you cannot speak comfortably, your lips look blue or grey, you feel faint or confused, or your usual reliever is not helping. New or worsening chest tightness also needs prompt assessment. Contact your care team when cough, phlegm, or wheezing changes from your usual pattern.

Ask whether your technique is suitable, how to combine it with inhalers or pulmonary rehabilitation, and which changes in breathlessness should trigger an urgent call. You can also ask whether spirometry or a chronic disease review is due.