What should you know about diagnosing mastitis?

Mastitis can cause a tender, warm, swollen, or reddened area of one breast. You may also feel feverish, tired, achy, or develop chills. It can occur during breastfeeding, but inflammation is not limited to people who are feeding a baby.

A clinician will ask when symptoms began, whether milk removal is painful or difficult, and whether there is a firm or fluctuant lump. Examination often provides the diagnosis. Ultrasound or other tests may be used if symptoms do not settle, an abscess is suspected, or the findings are unusual.

Arrange assessment if breast pain, swelling, redness, or fever is worsening. While waiting, rest, drink normally, use a cold pack for comfort, and take a suitable pain reliever if a clinician or pharmacist says it is safe for you. If breastfeeding, continue gently according to comfort and ask for feeding-position help rather than forceful massage or prolonged pumping.

A lactation consultation can review latch, feeding frequency, and milk transfer. Antibiotics may be prescribed when bacterial infection is suspected; take them as directed and complete the prescribed course unless your clinician changes it.

Seek prompt care for a rapidly enlarging lump, severe pain, spreading redness, high fever, faintness, or feeling very unwell. Return for review if symptoms are not improving or recur after treatment, because an abscess or another breast condition may need assessment.

Does this look like inflammation, infection, or an abscess? Do I need imaging or antibiotics? How can I feed or express milk safely? What change should bring me back for review?