What should you know about dandruff treatment?

Dandruff is recurring flaking from the scalp and may include itch, irritation, or greasy scale. It can overlap with [Seborrheic Dermatitis](/conditions/seborrheic-dermatitis/), which may also affect the eyebrows, ears, beard area, or sides of the nose. The pattern and severity help determine whether simple scalp care is enough.

A clinician or pharmacist can help match the product to your symptoms. [Flaky Scalp](/symptoms/scalp-flaking/) without inflammation may need a different approach from an intensely [Itchy Scalp](/symptoms/itchy-scalp/) with redness or thick scale.

A [Medicated Shampoo Treatment](/treatments/medical-dermatology/medicated-shampoo-therapy/) may contain an ingredient that reduces excess scale or controls yeast on the scalp. Work it into the scalp rather than only the hair, leave it on for the instructed contact time, then rinse thoroughly. Follow the label or your clinician’s schedule even when flakes begin to settle.

If dandruff is persistent or involves nearby skin, a clinician may consider [Topical Antifungal Treatment](/treatments/medical-dermatology/topical-antifungal-therapy/). Avoid scratching, very hot water, and fragranced products that sting. Wash combs and avoid sharing them while the scalp is irritated.

Book a medical review when flaking continues despite correct product use, or when the scalp is sore, swollen, oozing, crusted, or developing areas of hair loss. Prompt advice is appropriate if symptoms spread to the face or ears, or if a new product causes burning or marked swelling.

Which ingredient suits my scalp pattern? How long should I use the shampoo before judging the response? Could this be seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, or another scalp condition? What should I use during maintenance once the flakes improve?