Cough and sneeze: what to know

A runny or blocked nose, itchy eyes, and repeated sneezing fit an allergic pattern. Fever, tiredness, or body aches can accompany an infection such as the common cold or acute bronchitis. Night cough, a sour taste, or symptoms after meals can occur with acid reflux. Wheeze, chest tightness, or cough triggered by exercise deserves assessment for asthma. A cough lasting beyond the expected illness may be chronic cough rather than a simple passing irritation.

Rest, drink fluids, and avoid cigarette smoke, strong fragrances, and dusty air. Saline nasal spray or a humidified room may soothe nasal irritation. Cover your cough and sneeze into your elbow, wash your hands, and avoid sharing cups while unwell. Ask a pharmacist about suitable symptom relief, especially for a child, pregnancy, chronic illness, or regular medicines. Note when symptoms began, possible triggers, fever, mucus, wheeze, and whether symptoms worsen at night or outdoors.

Seek urgent help for severe difficulty breathing, blue or grey lips, confusion, fainting, or sudden chest pain. Arrange prompt medical advice for coughing blood, dehydration, a high or persistent fever, worsening breathlessness, or a cough that is not settling. Infants, older adults, and people with lung or immune conditions may need earlier assessment. A clinician can listen to the chest and decide whether tests or treatment are needed.

Could my symptoms fit an allergy, infection, reflux, or airway problem? What warning signs should I watch for? Which medicines or home measures are suitable for me? When should I return if the cough or sneezing continues?