Constipation relief: practical steps

Constipation may mean stools are hard, bowel movements are less frequent than usual, or you need to strain and still feel unfinished. Travel, a change in routine, low activity, not drinking enough, and some medicines can all contribute. Abdominal fullness can occur, but severe pain or vomiting needs a different level of assessment. Ongoing symptoms can sometimes accompany conditions such as hypothyroidism or irritable bowel syndrome, so the pattern matters more than a single difficult bowel movement.

Drink regularly and increase fibre slowly with foods such as beans, lentils, vegetables, fruit, oats, and wholegrain bread. A sudden large fibre increase may worsen gas or bloating. Walk or move within your comfort and give yourself time after a meal to use the toilet. A low footrest can place the hips in a more comfortable position; avoid forceful straining. If these measures are not enough, a pharmacist or clinician can discuss a suitable stool softener or laxative and explain how long to use it. Nutrition Counselling may help when food choices are limited.

Arrange medical review for new, persistent, or repeatedly returning constipation, especially if it follows a medicine change. Get urgent help for severe abdominal pain, a swollen abdomen, persistent vomiting, inability to pass gas, black stool, visible blood, fever, faintness, or pronounced weakness. Dehydration may worsen constipation; dizziness, very dark urine, or passing very little urine should prompt advice. Do not use repeated self-treatment to mask symptoms that are becoming more severe.

Could one of my medicines be causing this? Which fibre foods suit my diet? Should I use a stool softener or another treatment? How long should I try self-care before arranging a review?