What should you know about constant muscle cramps?

A cramp is a sudden, involuntary tightening that can leave a muscle sore afterwards. Hard exercise, prolonged standing, dehydration and a Muscle Strain can trigger episodes. Electrolyte or vitamin problems, medicines, circulation changes and nerve or muscle disorders may also contribute. Chronic Kidney Disease, Hypothyroidism or Vitamin D Deficiency can present with muscle symptoms, but cramps alone cannot establish any diagnosis.

Stop the activity, gently stretch the affected muscle and use light massage or warmth. Replace fluids after sweating unless you have been given a fluid restriction. Note the muscle involved, time of day, activity, medicines and any swelling or weakness. Do not start mineral supplements without advice, because excess amounts can be harmful.

Seek urgent care for a painful swollen limb, a cold or pale foot, sudden weakness, trouble walking, chest symptoms or cramps after severe vomiting or diarrhoea. Arrange prompt assessment for persistent one-sided cramps, progressive weakness, numbness or cramps that repeatedly disturb sleep.

Ask whether medicines, circulation, hydration or blood tests could explain the pattern, and which stretching plan is suitable for you.