What should you know about congestion without a runny nose?

The nasal lining can swell even when little mucus is produced. Allergic rhinitis may cause blockage with itching, sneezing or eye symptoms. A common cold, influenza or COVID-19 can begin with nasal swelling before discharge appears, or leave blockage after other symptoms improve. Sinusitis may cause facial pressure, reduced smell, thick drainage or pain that worsens when bending forward. House dust mite and pet allergies can cause persistent indoor congestion. A blocked nose on one side that does not clear deserves clinical review.

Try saline spray or a gentle nasal rinse using water prepared according to the product instructions. Drink enough to avoid dehydration, keep away from smoke and consider a humidified room if dry air aggravates symptoms. Ask a pharmacist about an appropriate nasal steroid or other treatment if allergy is suspected. Decongestant sprays should be used only as directed because prolonged use can worsen blockage. Check suitability if you are pregnant, have high blood pressure or take regular medicines.

Seek urgent help for breathing difficulty, swelling around the eye, severe headache with confusion, or a rapidly worsening illness. Arrange an assessment for persistent one-sided blockage, repeated nosebleeds, facial swelling, severe facial pain, reduced smell that does not recover, or symptoms that improve and then worsen. A clinician can inspect the nose and sinuses and decide whether infection, allergy or another problem needs treatment.

Does the absence of discharge change the likely causes? Is my blockage coming from allergy or sinus inflammation? Which nasal treatment is suitable for me? How long should I wait before arranging a review?