What should you know about common age for chickenpox?

Chickenpox is caused by varicella-zoster virus and spreads easily through close contact and respiratory droplets. A child may first have fever, tiredness or reduced appetite, followed by an itchy rash that changes into fluid-filled blisters. Adults who develop chickenpox may feel more unwell and should seek clinical advice promptly. Having chickenpox later in life is different from shingles, which can occur when the virus becomes active again after an earlier infection.

Keep the person away from school, childcare and people at higher risk until every blister has crusted. Encourage fluids, keep nails short and use gentle cooling measures to reduce scratching. A GP can confirm the diagnosis and decide whether antiviral treatment is appropriate, particularly for an adult, pregnant person or someone with a weakened immune system. Do not give medicines intended for children without checking the label or a clinician.

Arrange medical advice for a newborn, pregnancy, an adult with a new blistering rash, breathing difficulty, severe headache, confusion, dehydration or a rapidly worsening illness. Urgent assessment is also needed if the skin becomes very painful, hot or increasingly red, or if fever persists. Avoid contact with vulnerable people while arranging advice.

Ask whether the rash fits chickenpox, whether antiviral treatment is needed, when normal activities can resume and whether vaccination is suitable for household members who are not immune.