What should you know about cluster in headache?

Pain is often centred around one eye or the temple. The same side may become red or watery, the eyelid may droop, or the nose may feel blocked or run. Attacks can arrive in a series over a period, sometimes at a similar time of day, and may make a person feel restless rather than wanting to lie still. These features help a clinician distinguish cluster headache from other headache patterns.

A headache with these features is not proof of one diagnosis. Sinus symptoms, viral illness, dehydration, heat exhaustion, anxiety, and other conditions can also cause head pain or facial discomfort. A new or changing pattern deserves a clinical assessment.

Record when each attack starts, how long it lasts, which side hurts, and any eye or nose changes. Note possible triggers such as alcohol, strong smells, heat, poor sleep, or missed meals, but do not deliberately test a trigger. Rest in a quiet, cool space and sip fluids if you may be dehydrated. Avoid taking repeated doses of pain medicine without professional advice, because the right treatment depends on the diagnosis and your medical history.

Seek emergency help for a sudden, explosive headache, new weakness or numbness, confusion, fainting, a seizure, severe breathing trouble, or a painful red eye with vision change. Arrange prompt medical assessment for a first severe headache, attacks that are becoming more frequent, fever with a stiff neck, repeated vomiting, or headache after a head injury. A clinician can examine you and decide whether testing or specialist care is needed.

Ask: Could this be cluster headache or another cause? What should I do at the first sign of an attack? Which medicines are suitable for me, and which should I avoid? Should I keep an attack diary or see a neurologist?