Clearing nasal congestion: what to know

The blocked feeling can come from swollen tissue, thick mucus, or a narrowed passage. Common colds often settle as other viral symptoms improve. Allergic rhinitis and house-dust-mite allergy may cause recurring congestion with sneezing or itching. Sinusitis may involve facial pressure, altered smell, and discoloured mucus, while chronic sinusitis needs review when nasal symptoms continue or repeatedly flare. Snoring, witnessed pauses in breathing, or waking unrefreshed may point toward obstructive sleep apnoea and should not be managed only with sprays.

Try saline spray or a correctly prepared nasal rinse, drink enough fluid, and avoid tobacco smoke and heavy fragrances. Raising the head of the bed slightly may reduce night-time discomfort. If allergy is suspected, ask a pharmacist about allergy medication that suits your medical history. Read instructions carefully and avoid extending the use of decongestant sprays beyond the recommended period, because rebound swelling can make congestion harder to control. Do not insert cotton buds or other objects into the nose.

Arrange an appointment if blockage persists, keeps returning, affects one side, reduces smell, or interferes with sleep. Prompt assessment is appropriate for severe facial pain, swelling near the eye, fever with worsening illness, or a severe headache. Call emergency services for major breathing difficulty, confusion, or sudden swelling of the face, lips, or tongue.

Is the congestion more consistent with allergy, infection, or another cause? Which nasal treatment is safe for me? Should I be assessed for sinus disease or night-time breathing problems? When should I stop self-care and return?