Chronic venous hypertension: what to know

Veins in the legs use valves and muscle movement to return blood towards the heart. If valves do not close well or the veins are under strain, blood can pool and pressure can rise. This may cause heaviness, aching, ankle swelling, varicose veins, itching, or darker and tougher skin near the lower leg. An open sore may develop. Chronic venous hypertension is different from Hypertension, which refers to pressure in the arteries, although a person can have both.

Regular walking and ankle movements help the calf muscles move blood. Avoid sitting or standing still for long periods, change position often, and elevate the legs when resting if comfortable. Keep the skin moisturised and check for cracks or sores. A clinician may recommend compression after checking circulation; do not start tight compression on your own if arterial disease is possible. Managing Obesity, if relevant, can reduce strain on the legs.

Seek urgent help for sudden one-sided leg swelling, severe pain, warmth, chest pain, or breathlessness. Arrange prompt care for a new or enlarging ulcer, spreading redness, fever, bleeding from a vein, or rapidly changing skin. A clinician should assess persistent swelling because heart, kidney, and other conditions can have similar effects.

Ask whether the swelling is venous, whether circulation testing is needed, and which compression option is safe for you. Discuss wound care, exercise, medicines, and symptoms that should prompt urgent review.