What should you know about chronic body odour?

Sweat itself is not usually strongly scented. Odour develops when bacteria break down substances in sweat, especially in warm, moist areas such as the underarms, feet and groin. Hair, tight clothing, skin folds and heavy sweating can allow moisture and bacteria to remain close to the skin. A strong smell may also accompany an infection, irritated skin, a change in medicines or a broader health problem, particularly when it begins suddenly.

Chronic odour is a symptom rather than a diagnosis. The location, timing, sweating pattern, rash and any recent changes provide useful clues for a clinician.

Wash affected areas gently, dry skin folds carefully, change damp clothing, wash garments thoroughly and choose breathable fabrics. An antiperspirant reduces sweat reaching the skin; deodorant mainly masks or changes smell. If ordinary products are not enough, a clinician may recommend prescription antiperspirant. Botox for sweating is another option for selected areas when excessive sweating is a major driver. Do not apply harsh disinfectants or fragranced products to broken or irritated skin.

Arrange a medical review if odour continues despite careful washing and dry clothing, interferes with daily life, or comes with excessive sweating, rash, itching, pain, sores or discharge. Seek prompt care for a sudden unusual odour with fever, confusion, marked weakness or feeling acutely unwell. A clinician can examine the skin and review medicines and other symptoms.

Could a skin infection or irritation be contributing? Is my sweating excessive for the situation? Which antiperspirant strength is appropriate? Would treatment for sweating help? Should any medicines, diet changes or other symptoms be reviewed?