What should you know about childhood chickenpox?

Chickenpox, also called varicella, often begins with feeling unwell or a fever before spots appear. The rash can develop in waves, so red spots, fluid-filled blisters, and drying scabs may be visible together. It commonly affects the trunk, face, scalp, and limbs. Scratching can break the skin and allow a bacterial infection to develop. A child with chickenpox can spread the infection before the rash is fully established and while fresh blisters continue to appear.

Keep nails short, use cool baths or gentle clothing, and encourage fluids. A clinician or pharmacist can advise on age-appropriate fever relief and itch treatment; some medicines are unsuitable for children. Keep the child away from school, nurseries, pregnant people, newborns, and anyone with a weakened immune system until the contagious phase has passed. Do not scratch or deliberately open blisters. A GP Consultation can help confirm the diagnosis and decide whether Antiviral Treatment is appropriate for a child at higher risk. Oral Antihistamine Treatment may be discussed for troublesome itching.

Arrange prompt medical advice if the child is very young, has a weakened immune system, is pregnant, or has a long-term condition that may increase risk. Seek urgent help for breathing difficulty, unusual sleepiness, confusion, severe headache, repeated vomiting, dehydration, a rapidly worsening red or painful area, or blisters near the eyes. Fever that is persistent or returns after improving also deserves clinical review. Mention any recent contact with Chickenpox or Shingles and avoid taking the child into a waiting room without calling first.

Ask whether the rash fits chickenpox, which fever and itch medicines suit your child, when school exclusion can end, whether an antiviral is needed, and whether household contacts should discuss Chickenpox Vaccination.