What Should You Know About Cap Melanoma?

Scalp melanoma is a form of melanoma affecting skin on the scalp. A concerning lesion may change in size, shape, colour, or surface, or may bleed, crust, itch, or become sore. These signs do not confirm cancer, and a harmless mole can also look unusual; diagnosis requires examination and, when indicated, removal or biopsy for laboratory assessment. Hair can make self-checking difficult, so a trusted person or clinician may help inspect the scalp.

Arrange a dermatology appointment for a new or changing scalp mark, especially when its borders or colours are uneven or it does not resemble your other moles. Do not pick, scratch, or attempt to remove it at home. Take a clear photograph with a scale beside the lesion if this can be done safely, and note when the change began. A clinician may recommend surgical excision and may discuss staging tests if melanoma is diagnosed.

Seek prompt review for bleeding without a clear injury, a rapidly changing lesion, an open sore that does not heal, or a new firm lump near the lesion. Urgent care is appropriate for uncontrolled bleeding or severe infection signs. Symptoms such as persistent headache, weakness, confusion, seizures, or new vision problems need urgent medical assessment and are not explained by an ordinary scalp mole.

Ask whether the lesion needs dermoscopy, biopsy or excision, what the pathology result will clarify, whether lymph-node assessment is relevant, and what follow-up schedule applies.