What should you know about BNP and heart failure?

Heart failure means the heart is not meeting the body's needs as effectively as it should. Fluid may build up, causing breathlessness, tiredness, cough or swollen ankles. BNP testing gives a biochemical clue, while an examination, ECG, chest imaging and echocardiogram can show how the heart is working.

A raised BNP does not by itself confirm heart failure. Kidney disease, atrial fibrillation, valve problems and other stresses can influence the result. A clinician also considers whether symptoms began suddenly or have developed gradually.

Take prescribed medicines as directed and do not alter diuretics without advice. Record breathlessness, ankle swelling, fatigue, palpitations, sleep position and changes in daily activity. Limitations on salt or fluids should be personalised, because the right plan depends on heart and kidney function.

Attend follow-up even if symptoms improve. The review may check blood pressure, kidney function, rhythm, weight and response to treatment, then adjust the care plan.

Call emergency services for severe breathlessness, chest pain or pressure, fainting, blue lips, new confusion, or coughing pink frothy fluid. Seek same-day medical advice if breathlessness is worsening, you cannot lie flat comfortably, swelling is increasing quickly, or your heartbeat feels persistently irregular with weakness.

What does my BNP result mean with my examination and ECG? Do I need an echocardiogram? Could my kidneys or heart rhythm affect the result? What symptoms should trigger urgent contact, and when should I book a Chronic Disease Review?