What should you know about blood in sputum called?

Haemoptysis means coughing blood or blood-streaked sputum from the airways. It is different from blood that comes from the gums, nose, throat, or stomach, although these sources can be confused when blood is mixed with saliva or mucus. Irritation after repeated coughing is one possible explanation. Acute bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchiectasis, and COPD are other conditions that can cause airway inflammation or bleeding.

Describe whether the blood is streaked through phlegm, appears as spots, or is mostly blood. Also mention cough, fever, chest pain, breathlessness, wheezing, and whether bleeding has happened before. These details help a clinician decide how quickly to examine you.

Save a description or photograph only if it is safe and appropriate, and note the time and amount. Rest, avoid smoke, and do not repeatedly force a cough to clear mucus. Arrange medical advice for new or unexplained haemoptysis, especially if it recurs or you have lung disease. Do not assume antibiotics are needed: they are used for selected infections, not every cause of blood in sputum.

Call emergency services for heavy or continuing blood loss, breathing difficulty, chest pain, faintness, confusion, or blue lips. Seek prompt clinical assessment when the symptom returns, occurs with fever or a worsening cough, or follows a chest injury. Mention any medicine that affects clotting when you seek help.

Ask where the blood is likely coming from, whether you need an examination or tests, and how to monitor the symptom. Ask which changes mean you should go directly to emergency care.