Adenoviral conjunctivitis: care, spread and warning signs

It inflames the clear membrane over the white of the eye and inside the eyelids. Redness, watering, a gritty or burning feeling and puffy lids are typical; one eye may start first and the other can follow. Some people also have a sore throat, runny nose or fever.

A clinician often identifies the likely cause from the eye appearance, type of discharge, symptoms elsewhere and exposure history. Watery discharge fits a viral infection more closely than thick pus, but appearance alone is not always enough to separate viral, bacterial, allergic and other eye inflammation.

Virus can pass through contaminated tears and respiratory secretions on hands, towels, pillowcases, cosmetics and frequently touched surfaces. Rubbing the affected eye and then touching the other eye or another person can transfer it.

Wash hands with soap and water before and after touching the face. Use a clean cool compress for discomfort, gently clear discharge with fresh material, and avoid sharing towels, pillows, eye drops or cosmetics. Stop wearing contact lenses until symptoms have settled and an eye professional says they can be resumed; replace or disinfect items as advised.

Lubricating eye drops may ease grittiness if suitable for you. Antibiotic drops do not treat adenovirus, although a clinician may prescribe them when a bacterial cause or complication is suspected. Avoid leftover drops and steroid eye drops unless an eye specialist has directed their use.

Arrange urgent eye assessment for reduced or blurred vision that does not clear with blinking, significant eye pain, marked light sensitivity, injury, chemical exposure, a visibly cloudy cornea, or severe swelling around the eye. Contact-lens wearers with a painful red eye need prompt examination because the cornea may be involved.

Seek medical review if discharge becomes thick, symptoms are worsening rather than settling, or you have reduced immunity. A newborn with redness or discharge should be assessed promptly.

Ask whether the cornea is clear, whether the pattern looks viral or suggests another cause, which comfort drops are suitable, and when contact lenses can safely be used again. Clarify any workplace, school or childcare precautions based on symptoms and local policy.