Mammogram

A mammogram uses low-dose X-rays to create detailed breast images for screening or investigating a breast change.

A mammogram is an X-ray examination of breast tissue. It may be used for routine screening or to investigate a lump, nipple change, skin change, or other concern. Each breast is positioned between plates briefly so the images are clear; compression can feel tight or uncomfortable but lasts only moments.

Wear a two-piece outfit and avoid deodorant, powder, or lotion on the chest and underarms on the day if your imaging centre advises this. Tell the radiographer about breast implants, pregnancy possibility, and prior breast procedures. You stand facing the machine while each breast is positioned and imaged from different views.

Mammography uses a small amount of radiation and is designed to keep exposure low. Images can identify some cancers and other changes, but no imaging test detects every abnormality. Dense breast tissue, implants, positioning, and the type of change can affect interpretation, so additional imaging is sometimes recommended.

An abnormal or incomplete result does not by itself establish breast cancer. The centre may request extra mammogram views, ultrasound, or another assessment to clarify the finding. If a suspicious area remains, a clinician may discuss tissue sampling and explain what the next report means.

A mammogram is performed by a trained radiographer and interpreted by a specialist. Bring prior breast images when available so the team can compare changes over time. Ask how and when you will receive the report, especially if the test was arranged for a new symptom.

A clinician may request one for screening according to your age, personal risk, and local guidance, or for a new breast symptom. The imaging plan may differ if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, have implants, or have had previous breast cancer or surgery.

The radiographer checks your details and asks about symptoms or previous procedures. You remove clothing from the waist up, stand at the machine, and place one breast on the detector. The breast is compressed while an image is taken, then repositioned for further views. The same process is repeated on the other side.

Most people leave as soon as the images are complete. Temporary tenderness or skin sensitivity from compression may occur. Contact the imaging centre if you need help understanding when your report will be sent; a radiographer may not be able to interpret the result during the appointment.

Radiation exposure is kept low, but pregnancy must be discussed before imaging. Compression can cause short-lived discomfort. False-positive findings, missed findings, and the need for repeat views are possible, particularly when tissue is dense or an image is technically limited.

Breast ultrasound can complement mammography, especially for a targeted symptom. Breast MRI may be considered for selected situations. Three-dimensional approaches, including breast tomosynthesis, create additional image information and may be offered according to the clinical question and equipment available.

Look for an accredited imaging service with breast radiography and a clear pathway for further assessment. Before booking, ask about accessibility, prior-image transfer, result timing, and how urgent symptoms are handled.