What should you know as a yellow fever patient?

Yellow fever is a viral infection spread by infected mosquitoes. It may begin with fever, headache, muscle aches, nausea, or tiredness. Some people improve after the early illness, while others develop a more severe phase with jaundice, bleeding, abdominal pain, vomiting, or marked weakness. A clinician can assess the pattern of symptoms, travel history, medicines, and other possible causes.

Rest, drink fluids if you can keep them down, and follow the treatment plan from your healthcare team. Do not start aspirin or anti-inflammatory pain medicines unless a clinician says they are suitable, because bleeding can be a concern in severe illness. Prevent mosquito bites while ill by staying in screened or air-conditioned spaces, wearing covering clothing, and using an appropriate repellent.

Seek urgent medical care for confusion, fainting, trouble breathing, severe abdominal pain, repeated vomiting, bleeding from the nose or gums, blood in vomit or stool, very little urine, or yellow eyes or skin. Also seek medical advice promptly for fever after travel to an area where yellow fever occurs, especially if you feel significantly worse rather than gradually improving.

Ask what tests are needed, which pain or fever medicines are appropriate, how to monitor hydration, and whether any current medicines should be paused. If future travel is planned, ask whether vaccination is appropriate for you and when it should be arranged.