Yellow fever mosquito: what to know

A mosquito can pass yellow fever virus after feeding on an infected host and then biting another person. The illness occurs in areas where the virus and relevant mosquitoes circulate, mainly in parts of Africa and South America. Not every mosquito bite carries the virus, but avoiding bites remains important because mosquitoes can transmit several infections. Your destination, season, accommodation and outdoor activities all help shape practical prevention advice.

Use an insect repellent that is suitable for your skin and follow the label directions. Wear clothing that covers more skin when practical, especially for outdoor activities. Choose accommodation with barriers that limit mosquitoes, and use sleeping protection when advised for the setting. Arrange a travel-health appointment to discuss whether yellow fever vaccination is appropriate for your route, and give details of pregnancy, immune conditions, allergies and regular medicines.

Get urgent medical care for fever after travel in a yellow fever risk area when it comes with severe headache, repeated vomiting, yellowing of the eyes or skin, bleeding, severe weakness, or confusion. Explain the countries and areas visited, your dates of travel and any vaccinations received. Emergency help is needed for signs of a severe allergic reaction after vaccination, such as difficulty breathing, throat swelling, widespread hives, or collapse.

Ask whether your exact itinerary has yellow fever vaccine recommendations or certificate rules, which repellent and clothing approach suits your plans, and what symptoms after travel should prompt urgent assessment. If travelling with children, ask for age-appropriate bite-prevention advice.