What to know about hepatitis B

Hepatitis B affects the liver and may cause no noticeable symptoms, particularly early on. When symptoms occur, they can include fatigue, nausea, reduced appetite, abdominal discomfort, yellowing of the skin or eyes, and dark urine.

The infection can be passed through contact with infected blood or certain body fluids. A clinician can explain what your exposure means, whether testing is needed, and what it means for close contacts.

Arrange medical advice if you think you may have been exposed or have symptoms that could involve the liver. Bring information about possible exposure, previous vaccination, medicines and supplements, and any earlier test results.

A Liver Function Test may help assess how the liver is working, alongside tests that check for hepatitis B infection. Hepatitis B Vaccination can help prevent infection for people who are not already protected; a clinician can advise on the appropriate schedule for you.

Seek urgent medical care for confusion, severe abdominal pain, repeated vomiting, marked drowsiness, bleeding, or yellowing of the skin or eyes that is new or worsening. Prompt assessment is also appropriate if dark urine appears with feeling very unwell.

Ask which tests you need, whether your liver results need follow-up, how to reduce transmission risk, whether close contacts should be assessed, and whether vaccination is relevant to you.