Why is a TENS unit used in TENS therapy?

Small adhesive electrodes sit on the skin near the painful area. The unit sends pulses that feel like tingling rather than a deep jolt. These signals can compete with pain messages travelling to the brain, and some settings may encourage the body’s own pain-relieving responses. TENS does not repair a fracture, torn tissue, or an underlying joint problem. It is usually a supportive part of a wider plan, such as physiotherapy, graded activity, or recovery after an injury.

Use the programme, pulse strength, electrode positions, and session length advised by your clinician. Skin should be clean and intact before pads are applied; move or replace pads as directed rather than placing them over wounds, irritated skin, or numb areas. Turn the unit off before removing electrodes. Stop if it causes burning, marked discomfort, or a rash, and tell your therapist. Ask before using TENS if you have an implanted electrical device, reduced sensation, or are pregnant.

Seek prompt medical advice for new weakness, loss of feeling, severe swelling, chest symptoms, or pain after a significant injury. Contact your clinician if pain keeps worsening, changes character, or prevents normal walking or daily tasks despite the treatment plan. TENS should not delay assessment of a new or unexplained problem.

Which skin areas and settings are suitable for my pain? How should TENS fit around my exercises and medicines? What should I do if the pads irritate my skin?