Why does sun-damaged skin cause wrinkles?

Repeated ultraviolet exposure creates stress in skin cells and activates enzymes that break down collagen. The elastic fibre network can become irregular, while the dermis becomes less able to provide fullness and recoil. Repeated facial movement then leaves creases that may remain visible even when the face is relaxed.

Dryness can make lines look sharper, but it is not the same as the deeper structural change caused by photoaging. Natural ageing, facial expression, smoking and inherited skin characteristics may add to the appearance of wrinkles.

Use broad-spectrum sunscreen on exposed skin and reapply as directed. A hat, protective clothing and shade are useful when outdoors. Moisturiser can soften the look of surface lines, while a dermatologist may prescribe a retinoid or discuss resurfacing, injectables or other procedures when appropriate.

Introduce active products gradually and avoid combining several irritating treatments without guidance. The right option depends on the depth and location of the lines, your skin type, medicines and any tendency to form dark marks.

Book a skin examination if a line is accompanied by a persistent scaly patch, bleeding, crusting, tenderness or a sore that does not heal. A new changing spot should also be assessed rather than attributed to ordinary wrinkling.

Which part of my skin shows photoaging, and what else could be contributing? Would a topical treatment or procedure be suitable for my skin? How should I protect the treated area and manage irritation?