Why does perimenopause cause vaginal dryness?

Vaginal Dryness is a common presentation of Perimenopause. As ovarian hormone production becomes less predictable, the vaginal lining may receive less oestrogen stimulation. It can then produce less moisture and feel more delicate. Some people notice burning, itching, soreness, irritation during sex or a need for more time and lubrication for comfort. Urinary burning or needing to urinate often can occur alongside these changes, but those symptoms can also have other causes.

Dryness can vary from day to day and may become more noticeable with breastfeeding, some medicines, stress or products that irritate the vulva. It does not by itself confirm the cause, and similar symptoms can occur with infection or skin conditions.

Use a fragrance-free moisturiser made for vaginal use regularly if dryness is ongoing, and choose a water-based or silicone-based lubricant for sexual activity. Avoid scented washes, douches and products not intended for the vulva or vagina. Gentle washing with water or a mild, unscented cleanser is usually less irritating.

A clinician can discuss prescription or non-prescription options when symptoms continue, including local hormone treatment where appropriate. Tell them about pregnancy possibility, breastfeeding, unexplained bleeding and any history that could affect treatment choices.

Arrange a medical assessment for persistent pain, new discharge or odour, sores, marked itching, pain with urination, or bleeding after sex. Seek prompt care for bleeding after menopause, heavy bleeding, fever, severe pelvic pain or feeling faint. These features need assessment rather than being assumed to be hormonal.

Ask what may be causing your symptoms, whether an examination or testing is needed, which moisturiser or lubricant suits you, and whether local hormone treatment is appropriate for your medical history.