Why does melasma cause dark patches on skin?

Dark Patches On Skin is a very common presentation of Melasma. The colour may appear on the cheeks, forehead, nose, upper lip, or jawline, often on both sides of the face. Sunlight and visible light can stimulate pigment activity, while hormonal changes may make the cells more reactive. Heat, irritation, and repeated exposure can also encourage the patches to look deeper. Melasma is a pigment pattern rather than a buildup that can be scrubbed away. The surface may feel normal even when the colour is noticeable.

Use broad-spectrum sunscreen consistently and add physical protection such as a hat or shade. Reapply sunscreen as directed, especially during outdoor time. Choose gentle, fragrance-free skincare and avoid picking, vigorous exfoliation, or products that sting, because irritation can intensify visible pigmentation. A dermatologist can assess the pattern and discuss prescription creams or procedures suited to your skin. Improvement is gradual, and continued light protection helps reduce re-darkening.

Arrange a dermatology assessment if the patches are new, changing quickly, itchy, painful, bleeding, or confined to one unusual spot. A clinician can distinguish melasma from other causes of pigmentation and check whether a medicine, hormonal change, or irritation is contributing. Seek care sooner when colour change comes with a new lump, ulcer, or persistent scale.

Ask whether the distribution fits melasma, which ingredients are gentle enough for your routine, and how to combine light protection with treatment. You can also ask how long to try a plan before reviewing it and what signs mean a product should be stopped.