Why does iron deficiency anaemia cause palpitations?

Iron is needed to make haemoglobin, the part of red blood cells that carries oxygen. When iron stores are low, less oxygen reaches working muscles and organs. The heart may respond by increasing its rate or force, which can feel like pounding, racing, skipping or fluttering. Palpitations is a common presentation of Iron Deficiency Anaemia, but it also has many other possible causes, including stress, caffeine, medicines and heart-rhythm problems.

Arrange a medical assessment for new or recurring palpitations, especially if you also feel tired, dizzy, pale or less able to exercise. A clinician can check for anaemia with blood tests and look for the reason iron became low, such as dietary intake, menstrual blood loss or bleeding from the digestive tract. Take iron only as advised, because the right treatment depends on the cause and on your test results. Note when episodes occur and whether caffeine, exertion or medication seems to trigger them.

Seek urgent medical care if palpitations come with chest pain, fainting, severe breathlessness, confusion or a sustained fast heartbeat. Get prompt advice if they are becoming more frequent, happen at rest, or occur during pregnancy. These warning signs need assessment even when iron deficiency is already known.

Ask whether your symptoms fit anaemia, which blood tests are useful, and whether you need checks for a source of blood loss. You can also ask how to take prescribed iron, which side effects to expect, and when your symptoms and blood results should be reviewed.