Why does hiatus hernia cause heartburn?

The lower end of the oesophagus normally works with the diaphragm to help keep stomach contents down. In a hiatus hernia, part of the stomach moves upward through the diaphragm opening. This can reduce the support around that valve-like area and allow reflux, particularly after a large meal or when lying down.

Heartburn is a very common presentation of Hiatus Hernia. It is often felt as a burning sensation in the chest or throat, sometimes with an acidic taste, burping or regurgitation. Heartburn can have causes other than a hiatus hernia, so persistent symptoms deserve a clinical review.

Smaller meals, remaining upright after eating and avoiding food close to bedtime can reduce reflux for many people. Notice whether particular foods, drinks or alcohol bring on symptoms; triggers differ between individuals. Raising the head end of the bed may help night-time symptoms, while extra pillows alone can leave the body bent at the waist.

Speak with a pharmacist or clinician about appropriate reflux treatment, especially if symptoms occur regularly. Tell them about prescribed medicines and other health conditions before starting a new remedy. If weight is contributing to reflux, a clinician can discuss a suitable approach.

Get emergency help for new severe chest pressure, pain spreading to the arm, jaw or back, shortness of breath, sweating, fainting, or nausea with chest pain, because these symptoms need urgent assessment. Seek prompt medical advice for trouble swallowing, vomiting blood, black stools, persistent vomiting, anaemia symptoms or unintentional weight loss.

Ask whether your symptoms fit reflux, how long to try treatment changes, whether an examination is needed, and which warning signs should lead you to seek care immediately.