Why does a common cold cause a nosebleed?

The front part of the nasal lining contains many tiny blood vessels close to the surface. A cold can make this lining swollen, sore, and dry. Repeated blowing, rubbing, sneezing, or picking can then disturb a fragile spot and cause bleeding. Heated or air-conditioned indoor air may add to the dryness. Nosebleed is a common presentation of Common Cold, but nosebleeds also occur for reasons unrelated to a cold, including injury, nasal irritation, certain medicines, and problems that affect clotting.

Sit upright and lean slightly forward so blood does not run into your throat. Pinch the soft part of your nose firmly and breathe through your mouth. Stay still and avoid checking repeatedly, because releasing pressure can restart bleeding. Once it stops, avoid forceful blowing, rubbing, heavy straining, and hot drinks for a while. Saline spray, humidified air, and a small amount of nasal moisturiser used as directed may help prevent further dryness.

Seek urgent medical care if bleeding is heavy, follows a significant injury, makes breathing difficult, causes faintness, or continues despite sustained pressure. Get medical advice for frequent nosebleeds, bleeding elsewhere, easy bruising, or use of medicines that affect bleeding. A clinician may check the nasal lining, blood pressure, and medicines, and can treat a persistent bleeding point.

Ask whether dryness, a medicine, or a nasal spray could be contributing and which moisturising product is appropriate for you. Mention recurrent bleeding, recent injury, easy bruising, and any treatment that affects clotting.