Which specialist performs surgical sperm retrieval?

Surgical retrieval collects sperm directly from the epididymis or testicle when sperm are not found in the ejaculate or cannot travel through the usual pathway. Names such as PESA, TESA, and TESE describe different collection approaches and tissue sites.

The andrologist assesses the reason retrieval is being considered, discusses local or general anaesthesia, and coordinates the timing with the embryology laboratory. The laboratory examines the material and may use suitable sperm in assisted reproduction.

Ask a fertility clinic for referral to an andrologist or male reproductive urologist. Bring previous semen results, operation reports, hormone tests, scans, and a list of medicines. Tell the team about previous infections, testicular surgery, injury, or treatments that may affect sperm production.

Confirm whether the partner's fertility treatment needs to happen on the same day, what preparation anaesthesia requires, and how recovery is organised. Read about [Surgical Sperm Retrieval](/treatments/fertility-and-assisted-reproduction/surgical-sperm-retrieval/).

Before a planned procedure, seek prompt assessment for sudden testicular pain, rapid swelling, fever, redness, or vomiting. After retrieval, contact the surgical team for worsening pain, increasing swelling, heavy bleeding, fever, or wound discharge.

Ask which technique is proposed and why, how the sample will be handled, what happens if no usable sperm is found, and how many recovery days to plan for. Discuss pain relief, wound care, activity restrictions, and the fertility treatment schedule.