When to worry about visible deformity after a shoulder injury

A shoulder dislocation occurs when the upper arm bone leaves the shoulder socket. This can flatten the usual rounded contour, hold the arm in an unusual position, and cause strong pain, swelling, or a feeling that the joint is stuck. Fractures and injuries to nearby nerves or blood vessels can occur with the dislocation, so the visible shape does not show the full extent of the injury.

Keep the arm close to the body and support it with a sling or folded cloth in the position that hurts least. Do not pull on the arm, rotate the shoulder, or try to put the joint back. Remove rings and watches in case the hand swells. Arrange urgent transport and keep checking finger colour, warmth, sensation, and movement.

Use emergency services for severe or worsening pain, an open wound, major swelling, or an arm that is completely unusable. Numbness or tingling, a cold hand, pale or bluish fingers, or weakness in the hand or wrist may indicate pressure on a nerve or reduced circulation and needs immediate attention. A shoulder that seems to go back into place still needs prompt review because fractures and soft-tissue damage may remain.

Ask whether imaging is required, whether the arm’s nerves and circulation are normal, how long to use a sling, and when shoulder movement can restart.