What causes acute bronchitis?

A Common Cold can spread irritation from the upper airways into the breathing tubes. The airway lining then becomes swollen and produces extra mucus, leading to cough, chest discomfort, wheeze, or noisy breathing. Smoke, dust, fumes, and polluted air can aggravate the inflammation. Antibiotics do not treat viral infections, so coloured mucus alone does not establish a need for them. Asthma, pneumonia, and other conditions can resemble bronchitis and may need a different assessment.

Rest, drink enough fluid to avoid dehydration, and avoid smoking and smoky environments. Warm drinks may soothe an irritated throat. A pharmacist can advise about suitable pain relief or cough treatment, taking account of your age, pregnancy status, and other medicines. Arrange a review if the cough is not improving, keeps returning, or is affecting sleep and daily activities.

Seek urgent help for severe breathlessness, blue or grey lips, confusion, coughing blood, fainting, or chest pain that is severe or worsening. Prompt medical assessment is needed for high fever, marked weakness, dehydration, or breathing problems in someone with significant lung or heart disease.

Ask whether your breathing and chest findings fit bronchitis or suggest pneumonia, asthma, or another cause. Discuss how to manage the cough, which medicines are safe for you, and what change in symptoms should trigger a further review.