Waters breaking before labour

The membranes around the baby can rupture before contractions begin. You may notice a gush or a persistent leak, but urine and discharge can appear similar. A clinician may need to check the fluid and assess your temperature, symptoms, pregnancy stage and baby's wellbeing. Labour may follow soon or may not start immediately. If the rupture happens before term, the situation is associated with preterm labour and needs maternity guidance.

Wear a clean pad and note the time, colour, smell and amount. Avoid tampons, sex and inserting anything into the vagina until your care team gives instructions. Call your maternity unit even if the leak is small or contractions are absent. Keep track of fetal movements and take your pregnancy notes if you are asked to attend. Follow the team's advice about examination, observation and returning for review.

Seek urgent maternity advice for green, brown or unpleasant-smelling fluid, fever, chills, heavy bleeding, severe pain, regular contractions or reduced fetal movement. Get emergency help for collapse, severe breathing difficulty or heavy bleeding. Do not wait for contractions to become strong before reporting a concern, particularly when the pregnancy is not yet near term.

Ask how rupture will be confirmed, how often you should check your temperature or movements, and which activities are safe. Clarify the plan if labour starts, if the fluid changes colour or if the leaking continues without contractions.