What should you know about untreated strep throat?

Strep throat is caused by streptococcal bacteria and commonly presents with a sore throat, fever, painful swallowing, and swollen glands. Some people also have tonsil swelling or a coating on the tonsils. Without appropriate care, symptoms may last longer and the infection can spread around the tonsils or to nearby tissues. Less common immune reactions can affect the joints, skin, or kidneys. A sore throat can also have a viral cause, so symptoms alone cannot confirm strep.

Arrange a GP consultation when symptoms are significant, persistent, or accompanied by fever and swollen glands. The clinician may examine your throat and decide whether a throat test or other assessment is needed. If antibiotic treatment is prescribed, take it exactly as directed and complete the course unless the prescriber changes the plan. Rest, drink fluids, and choose soft foods if swallowing hurts. Avoid sharing cups, cutlery, or toothbrushes while infection is suspected.

Seek urgent care for difficulty breathing, inability to swallow liquids, drooling, severe one-sided throat pain, a muffled voice, difficulty opening the mouth, neck swelling, or rapidly worsening illness. These features can signal obstruction, dehydration, or an infection beside the tonsil. Get prompt advice if a child is unusually sleepy or cannot drink.

Ask whether your symptoms fit strep throat or another cause, whether testing is appropriate, how to use antibiotic treatment safely, when you can return to work or school, and which changes should trigger urgent review.