Ulcerative colitis and throwing up: what to know

Ulcerative colitis mainly affects the bowel, so vomiting is not specific to the condition. It can occur when abdominal inflammation is active, but a stomach infection, food poisoning, migraine, pregnancy, medicine side effect or bowel blockage may also be involved. Diarrhoea and abdominal pain can increase fluid loss. Vomit that is green, persistent or accompanied by a swollen abdomen needs prompt assessment.

Take small, frequent sips of water or an oral rehydration drink if you can keep them down. Rest, record how often you vomit, and note bowel movements, pain, fever and any blood. Do not stop prescribed ulcerative-colitis medicine or take anti-inflammatory painkillers without advice; contact your GP or IBD team for a tailored plan. A GP Consultation can help assess hydration, medicines and possible infection.

Seek urgent medical help if you cannot keep fluids down, feel faint or confused, pass very little urine, have severe or worsening abdominal pain, a swollen abdomen, high fever, or vomit blood or material resembling coffee grounds. Contact a clinician promptly if vomiting continues or occurs with frequent bloody diarrhoea, because dehydration and active bowel inflammation may need treatment.

Ask whether your symptoms fit a flare or another cause, which fluids and medicines are suitable, and whether you need tests for infection, inflammation or dehydration. Ask how to restart regular medicines if vomiting prevents you from taking them.