What should you know about thick overgrown toenails?

A nail may become thick, curved, crumbly, or difficult to cut when its growth is altered. Fungal infection can change the colour and texture of the nail and may spread between toes. Repeated pressure from tight shoes or an old injury can also distort growth. Nail psoriasis may cause thickening, separation from the nail bed, or surface changes. The appearance alone cannot identify the cause; a clinician may examine the nail and surrounding skin and may test nail material before choosing treatment.

Soak the foot briefly to soften the nail, dry it carefully, and trim small sections straight across with clean clippers. Do not dig into the corners, tear the nail, or share tools. Shoes with a roomy toe box reduce pressure, while clean, dry socks help limit moisture. Avoid scraping away a crumbly nail or applying leftover medication. If fungus is suspected, a dermatologist can discuss options such as Oral Antifungal Treatment or Laser Treatment For Nail Fungus, depending on the examination and your health history.

Arrange medical care if the nail is painful, catches on clothing, repeatedly breaks the skin, or stops you walking comfortably. Seek prompt assessment for spreading redness, warmth, swelling, drainage, fever, or a rapidly changing dark area. People with diabetes, reduced circulation, reduced sensation, or a weakened immune system should have foot problems assessed early rather than trimming deeply at home.

Could this be Nail Fungus or Nail Psoriasis? Do I need a nail sample before treatment? Is trimming or thinning safe for me, and which symptoms should prompt urgent review?