What is the tetanus vaccine called?

Td protects against tetanus and diphtheria. Tdap protects against tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis, also known as whooping cough. Children may receive a related combination vaccine as part of routine immunisation. The product used depends on age, previous doses, pregnancy status, local guidance and whether vaccination is needed after a wound.

Tetanus is caused by a toxin made by bacteria that can enter through damaged skin. It can lead to painful muscle stiffness and difficulty opening the mouth. Vaccination trains the immune system to recognise the toxin without causing tetanus.

Check your vaccination record if you can, and tell the clinician when your last tetanus-containing dose was given. After a puncture, deep cut, bite or wound contaminated with soil, seek medical advice promptly so the wound can be assessed and cleaned. A clinician may recommend a booster or additional protection according to the injury and your history.

For a clearer overview of the vaccine schedule and wound-related decisions, see the Tetanus Vaccination guide.

Get urgent medical assessment for a deep or dirty wound, a wound with embedded material, tissue that is badly damaged, or bleeding that does not settle with firm pressure. Seek emergency help if you develop jaw stiffness, trouble swallowing, painful muscle spasms or breathing difficulty. These symptoms need immediate evaluation and are not a reason to wait for a routine vaccine appointment.

Ask which vaccine name fits your age and history, whether your record is complete, and whether the wound changes the timing of protection. You can also ask whether a pertussis-containing option is appropriate and what local reactions to expect.