What should you know about syphilis?

The bacterium can spread through contact with an infectious sore, including during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. A sore may be hidden inside the mouth, vagina, or anus and may not hurt. A rash or flu-like illness can appear later, while some people have no noticeable symptoms. Without treatment, infection can remain quiet and later affect organs such as the brain, eyes, ears, heart, or blood vessels.

Arrange testing if a partner has syphilis, you notice a compatible sore or rash, or a clinician recommends screening. Tell the service about the date of possible exposure, pregnancy, prior syphilis, and medicines or allergies. Do not share a diagnosis publicly; discuss it directly and confidentially with partners and clinicians. If diagnosed, use the prescribed antibiotic treatment and return for follow-up when advised.

Seek prompt assessment for a painless ulcer, a rash involving the palms or soles, or unexplained swollen glands after sexual exposure. Seek urgent help for vision loss or blurring, hearing changes, severe headache, confusion, weakness, numbness, or difficulty walking. A newborn or pregnant person with possible exposure also needs timely clinical advice.

Ask which tests cover syphilis and other infections, whether your partner needs testing, whether prior treatment changes the plan, when follow-up is due, and how to protect sexual partners during care.