What should you know about swelling above ankle bone?

The location, timing, and feel of the swelling provide useful clues. A recent twist can cause an [Ankle Sprain](/conditions/ankle-sprain/), while a fall or direct impact can cause an [Ankle Fracture](/conditions/ankle-fracture/). Stiffness that builds over time may occur with [Ankle Osteoarthritis](/conditions/ankle-osteoarthritis/). A hot, red, very tender joint can occur with [Gout](/conditions/gout/), although other inflammatory or infectious causes also need consideration.

Swelling is a symptom rather than a diagnosis. Compare both ankles, note whether the area is warm, and observe whether walking or moving the joint makes it worse.

If the swelling followed a minor injury, reduce activity, elevate the leg, and use a wrapped cold pack for short periods. Avoid placing ice directly on skin. Do not tightly massage a newly swollen area, and use pain medicine only if it is suitable for you and taken as directed.

Arrange an assessment if you cannot bear weight, the swelling persists, or the ankle keeps giving way. A clinician may examine the bone and soft tissues and decide whether imaging is needed.

Seek urgent care after a significant injury, visible deformity, severe pain, inability to walk, or rapidly increasing swelling. Get prompt help for fever with a hot red joint, spreading redness, calf swelling, chest pain, or difficult breathing. Numbness or a foot that becomes cold or changes colour also requires immediate assessment.

Tell the clinician when the swelling began, whether there was a twist or impact, and whether you have fever or pain elsewhere. Ask whether you need an X-ray, how much weight you may put through the foot, and when normal activity can safely resume.