What should you know about surgical lumpectomy?

The surgeon removes the lump and a margin of nearby tissue for laboratory examination. Lymph nodes may also be assessed when needed. The incision is usually placed to support healing and breast shape, although swelling, bruising or a change in contour can occur. The pathology report helps the team decide whether more treatment is needed.

Lumpectomy is commonly considered for selected breast cancers and some related conditions, including Paget disease of the breast. Radiotherapy is often discussed after breast-conserving surgery, but the recommendation depends on the pathology, imaging and your broader treatment plan. Mastectomy is another surgical option for some people.

Bring an up-to-date medicine list and tell the team about allergies, pregnancy possibility and previous breast procedures. Clarify whether a wire or marker is needed to locate the area. After surgery, keep the incision clean and dry as instructed, wear the recommended support, and use prescribed pain relief. Gentle arm movement may be encouraged, while strenuous lifting waits until your team says it is suitable.

Call the surgical team if the breast becomes increasingly red, hot, swollen or painful, if the wound opens, or if drainage changes or becomes heavy. Seek urgent help for severe breathlessness, chest pain, fainting, uncontrolled bleeding or sudden swelling of an arm. A small amount of bruising can be expected, but a rapidly enlarging swelling needs prompt assessment.

Ask how much tissue is likely to be removed, whether lymph nodes will be checked, when pathology results are expected, and whether radiotherapy or other treatment is recommended. Discuss scar position, breast shape, arm movement, return to work and the symptoms that should trigger a call.