Sunburn and sunblock: what to know

Sunburn is an inflammatory injury caused by ultraviolet radiation. Sunblock or sunscreen reduces further exposure when applied to exposed, intact skin as directed, but it does not cool damaged tissue or immediately remove redness. Protection matters while the surface is recovering because more ultraviolet exposure can deepen discomfort and uneven colour. Read more about [Sunburn](/conditions/sunburn/) and longer-term [Sun-Damaged Skin](/conditions/photoaging/). A product’s label, skin sensitivity and water or sweat exposure affect how it should be used.

Leave direct sun and use shade, tightly woven clothing and a wide-brimmed hat. Once the skin is intact enough for product use, apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen according to its label and reapply as directed, especially after swimming or sweating. Do not rely on sunscreen alone. Avoid putting product onto open blisters or raw peeling areas unless a clinician advises it. Cool the skin gently and use a fragrance-free moisturiser; [Emollient Therapy](/treatments/medical-dermatology/emollient-therapy/) explains barrier-supporting care. Never scrub a burn to remove redness.

Get urgent help for breathing difficulty, facial or eye swelling, faintness, confusion, severe vomiting or inability to drink. Contact a clinician promptly for large or numerous [Skin Blisters](/symptoms/skin-blisters/), severe pain, fever, pus, worsening swelling, or eye pain and visual symptoms. Arrange a dermatology review if peeling or redness does not settle, or if a persistent spot changes in colour, shape or texture. Do not use steroid creams on the face without advice; [Topical Corticosteroids](/treatments/medical-dermatology/topical-corticosteroids/) require careful selection.

Ask when sunscreen is suitable on the affected skin, which formulation fits your skin type, and whether another product could be causing irritation. Tell the clinician about blistering, medicines and any eye symptoms.