What to do for sun stroke

Heat stroke is a medical emergency in which the body cannot shed heat effectively. The person may have very hot skin, headache, dizziness, nausea, weakness, a fast heartbeat, confusion, unusual behaviour, or loss of consciousness. Sweating may be present or absent, so dry skin is not required before seeking help. Do not assume the problem is a stroke, but sudden speech difficulty, facial drooping, or one-sided weakness also requires emergency assessment.

Call emergency services and state that heat stroke is suspected. Move the person out of the heat, remove excess clothing, and cool them with wet cloths, a fan, or cool water while waiting. Stay with them and monitor breathing. Give small sips only if they are fully alert and swallowing normally; never force fluids into a confused or unconscious person. Avoid alcohol and delay caused by trying to find a home remedy.

Emergency help is needed for confusion, fainting, seizure, severe weakness, breathing problems, chest pain, very hot skin, or inability to drink safely. Even if the person improves after cooling, arrange medical assessment when symptoms were significant, lasted beyond a short period, or returned after resting. A clinician can check hydration, circulation, temperature-related injury, and medicines that may affect heat tolerance.

Ask when it is safe to return to work, exercise, or outdoor activity; how to prevent another episode; and whether blood pressure or other medicines need review. Tell the clinician about the environment, exertion, fluids, symptoms, and first-aid measures used.