What should you know about stasis dermatitis on the lower legs?

The calf muscles and leg veins normally help move blood back towards the heart. When venous valves or vein walls do not work well, pressure can rise while standing. Fluid then moves into surrounding tissue, causing ankle swelling and skin inflammation. The affected skin may feel tight, warm, itchy, or tender and may become scaly, thickened, shiny, or darker than nearby skin.

The changes often gather around the ankles and may extend up the lower legs. Varicose veins can be part of the same circulation problem, but similar swelling or rash can have other causes. An examination helps distinguish stasis dermatitis from infection, contact dermatitis, a clot, or an ulcer.

Use a fragrance-free moisturiser regularly, especially after gentle washing, and avoid scratching or rubbing the area. Take movement breaks during long periods of sitting or standing. Elevating the legs while resting may reduce swelling if it is comfortable for you. Protect fragile skin from knocks and seek advice before applying adhesive dressings.

Compression can reduce venous swelling for some people, but it should be selected after circulation has been checked. A clinician may treat inflamed areas with [Topical Corticosteroids](/treatments/medical-dermatology/topical-corticosteroids/). If problematic veins contribute, [Sclerotherapy](/treatments/injectables/sclerotherapy/) may be discussed; it is not a substitute for assessing the whole leg. Read about [Varicose Veins](/conditions/varicose-veins/) for related circulation changes.

Seek urgent help for sudden swelling in one leg, severe calf pain, chest pain, or breathlessness. Arrange prompt care if the skin becomes rapidly hotter or more painful, redness or colour change spreads, pus appears, fever develops, or an ulcer opens. New numbness, a cold foot, or a sudden change in walking comfort also requires assessment.

Ask whether your symptoms fit venous insufficiency, whether you need a circulation test, which compression garment is appropriate, and how long to use any prescribed cream. Ask how to care for an ulcer or weeping area and which symptoms should trigger same-day help.