What should you know about sore throat tonsillitis?

Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils at the back of the throat. Most people with tonsillitis notice throat soreness; they may also have red or enlarged tonsils, a coated surface, fever, tender neck glands or an unpleasant taste. A viral illness commonly causes this pattern, while some cases are linked to bacteria such as those associated with strep throat. Cough, a runny nose or hoarseness can point towards a viral cause, but symptoms alone cannot always identify the cause.

Rest, drink fluids regularly and choose soft foods if swallowing hurts. Warm drinks or cool foods may soothe the throat; avoid smoke and other irritants. A pharmacist can advise whether a suitable pain reliever or lozenge is appropriate for you, taking account of pregnancy, allergies, age and other medicines. Do not share cups, utensils or toothbrushes while unwell, and wash your hands often. A clinician may examine the throat and decide whether a swab or treatment is useful.

Get urgent medical help if breathing is difficult, saliva cannot be swallowed, the voice becomes markedly muffled, or swelling makes it hard to open the mouth. Arrange medical advice if symptoms are severe, dehydration develops, a rash appears, or the illness is not settling. Children, older adults and people with reduced immunity may need earlier assessment.

Could the tonsils be infected, and would an examination or throat test change treatment? Which warning signs should prompt urgent help? What can I safely use for pain or fever with my current medicines?