Sore, scratchy throat: what to know

Common Cold, Influenza and COVID-19 may cause throat irritation with cough, fever, tiredness or body aches. Allergic Rhinitis can cause an itchy throat when nasal mucus drains backward, often alongside sneezing or congestion. Acid Reflux may produce a dry, rough or burning feeling, especially after eating or when lying down. Tonsillitis can make swallowing painful and may cause swollen tonsils or tender neck glands. Strep Throat may cause a sudden sore throat and fever. Glandular Fever may include marked fatigue and swollen glands. These patterns overlap, so the throat sensation alone cannot identify the cause.

Sip water or warm drinks, rest your voice and choose foods that are easy to swallow. Avoid smoke, very dry air and other personal irritants. Saline nasal care may help when congestion or post-nasal drainage is present. If reflux seems relevant, note links with meals and avoid lying down soon after eating. Ask a pharmacist about suitable pain relief, especially if you take regular medicines or have a long-term condition. Do not use leftover antibiotics.

Seek urgent help for difficulty breathing, inability to swallow saliva, rapidly worsening swelling, a muffled voice or inability to open the mouth. Arrange medical assessment for high fever, severe one-sided throat pain, a widespread rash, dehydration, recurrent symptoms or a sore throat that is not improving. A clinician can examine the throat and decide whether a swab or other treatment is appropriate.

Could this be infection, allergy, reflux or irritation? Do I need a throat swab? Which measures are safe with my current medicines and health conditions?