What should you know about short term memory loss dementia?

Short-term memory is the ability to hold on to recent information, such as a conversation, appointment, or where an item was placed. In dementia, memory changes may gradually interfere with familiar tasks, conversation, planning, or managing medicines. Dementia is a group of symptoms caused by different brain conditions; memory loss alone does not establish the diagnosis.

Sleep problems, low mood, medication effects, thyroid disease, vitamin deficiencies, infection, and other medical issues can also affect memory. A clinician may ask when the change began, whether it is worsening, and how it affects daily life. A family member's observations can be useful.

Arrange a GP appointment if memory problems persist, worsen, or affect safety and independence. Bring a list of medicines and supplements, examples of recent changes, and information about sleep, mood, alcohol, and other symptoms. The assessment may include questions about memory and thinking, a physical examination, medicine review, and selected tests. Do not stop prescribed treatment without advice.

Use a calendar, reminders, labelled storage, and a consistent routine while waiting for assessment. Check that cooking, driving, finances, and medicines can be managed safely; involve a trusted person when needed.

Seek urgent medical help for sudden confusion or memory loss, especially with weakness on one side, trouble speaking, a severe headache, fainting, a seizure, fever, or a head injury. These symptoms can signal a problem needing prompt treatment. Also seek urgent help if confusion creates immediate danger, such as getting lost, leaving appliances on, or being unable to take essential medicines.

What changes should I record before the appointment? Could any medicine or health problem be affecting memory? What assessments are appropriate, and how can we keep daily activities safe?